Grammar Patterns

The Gift of the Magi 作品中の完了形・仮定法の文を、種類別に分類して並べています。

• 完了形 過去完了

  had been

  Trigger: had + been

  James Dillingham Young.” The “Dillingham” had been flung to the breeze during a former period of prosperity when its possessor was being paid $30 per week.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had been

  Trigger: had + been

  Expenses had been greater than she had calculated.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had calculated

  Trigger: had + calculated

  Expenses had been greater than she had calculated.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had spent

  Trigger: had + spent

  Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had mastered

  Trigger: had + mastered

  Della, being slender, had mastered the art.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had lost

  Trigger: had + lost

  Her eyes were shining brilliantly, but her face had lost its color within twenty seconds.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had been

  Trigger: had + been

  One was Jim’s gold watch that had been his father’s and his grandfather’s.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had been

  Trigger: had + been

  It surely had been made for Jim and no one else.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had turned

  Trigger: had + turned

  There was no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had been

  Trigger: had + been

  It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments that she had been prepared for.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had not arrived

  Trigger: had + arrived

  You don’t know what a nice—what a beautiful, nice gift I’ve got for you.” “You’ve cut off your hair?” asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had worshipped

  Trigger: had + worshipped

  For there lay The Combs—the set of combs, side and back, that Della had worshipped long in a Broadway window.

• 完了形 過去完了

  had not yet seen

  Trigger: had + seen

  But she hugged them to her bosom, and at length she was able to look up with dim eyes and a smile and say: “My hair grows so fast, Jim!” And then Della leaped up like a little singed cat and cried, “Oh, oh!” Jim had not yet seen his beautiful present.

• 完了形 過去完了進行形

  had been saving

  Trigger: had + been + saving

  She had been saving every penny she could for months, with this result.

• 完了形 現在完了

  have seen

  Trigger: have + seen

  Perhaps you have seen a pier glass in an $8 flat.

• 仮定法 as if 構文

  as if he had

  Trigger: as if/though + had

  You don’t know what a nice—what a beautiful, nice gift I’ve got for you.” “You’ve cut off your hair?” asked Jim, laboriously, as if he had not arrived at that patent fact yet even after the hardest mental labor.

• 仮定法 助動詞 + 完了形

  would have let

  Trigger: would + have + let

  Had the queen of Sheba lived in the flat across the airshaft, Della would have let her hair hang out the window some day to dry just to depreciate Her Majesty’s jewels and gifts.

• 仮定法 助動詞 + 完了形

  would have pulled

  Trigger: would + have + pulled

  Had King Solomon been the janitor, with all his treasures piled up in the basement, Jim would have pulled out his watch every time he passed, just to see him pluck at his beard from envy.

• 仮定法 助動詞 + 完了形

  couldn’t have lived

  Trigger: couldn’t + have + lived

  I had my hair cut off and sold because I couldn’t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present.

• 仮定法 助動詞 + 完了形

  should have adorned

  Trigger: should + have + adorned

  And now, they were hers, but the tresses that should have adorned the coveted adornments were gone.