Idioms & Expressions

The Masque of the Red Death に登場する慣用句・比喩・古風表現・連語の一覧です。

• 慣用句

  shut him out from

  字義: 彼を～から物理的に締め出す

  意味: 彼が～を受けられなくする、排除する

  The scarlet stains upon the body and especially upon the face of the victim, were the pest ban which shut him out from the aid and from the sympathy of his fellow-men.

  物理的な排除ではなく、社会的な孤立を表す

• 慣用句

  bid defiance to

  字義: ～に反抗を申し出る

  意味: ～に挑む、～を無視する

  With such precautions the courtiers might bid defiance to contagion.

  古風な慣用句で「挑戦的に立ち向かう」という意味

• 慣用句

  take care of itself

  字義: 自分自身の世話をする

  意味: 勝手にやっていけばよい、放っておいてよい

  The external world could take care of itself.

  無関心・無責任な態度を表す

• 慣用句

  toward the close of

  字義: 物理的に「閉じること」に向かって

  意味: ～の終わり近くに、～が終わろうとする頃に

  It was toward the close of the fifth or sixth month of his seclusion, and while the pestilence raged most furiously abroad, that the Prince Prospero entertained his thousand friends at a masked ball of the most unusual magnificence.

• 慣用句

  the case was very different

  字義: その箱/事件は非常に異なっていた

  意味: ここでは状況が大きく異なっていた

  Here the case was very different; as might have been expected from the duke's love of the bizarre.

  「case」は「状況、事情」を指す抽象的用法

• 慣用句

  to and fro

  字義: ～へ、そして～から

  意味: あちこちに、あちらこちらに

  Now in no one of the seven apartments was there any lamp or candelabrum, amid the profusion of golden ornaments that lay scattered to and fro or depended from the roof.

• 慣用句

  in the extreme

  字義: 極端の中で

  意味: 極めて、この上なく

  But in the western or black chamber the effect of the fire-light that streamed upon the dark hangings through the blood-tinted panes, was ghastly in the extreme, and produced so wild a look upon the countenances of those who entered, that there were few of the company bold enough to set foot within its precincts at all.

• 慣用句

  set foot within

  字義: 足を置く

  意味: 足を踏み入れる、入る

  But in the western or black chamber the effect of the fire-light that streamed upon the dark hangings through the blood-tinted panes, was ghastly in the extreme, and produced so wild a look upon the countenances of those who entered, that there were few of the company bold enough to set foot within its precincts at all.

• 慣用句

  in spite of these things

  字義: 「これらの物事の軽蔑の中で」という字義通りの読み

  意味: これらのことにもかかわらず

  But, in spite of these things, it was a gay and magnificent revel.

  基本的なイディオムだが 'spite' の本来の意味からは推測困難

• 慣用句

  a fine eye for

  字義: 「〜のための立派な目」という字義通りの解釈

  意味: 〜を見分ける優れた能力、審美眼

  He had a fine eye for colors and effects.

  'have an eye for' の慣用的表現

• 慣用句

  To and fro

  字義: 「〜へ、そして〜から」という字義的解釈

  意味: あちこちに、行ったり来たり

  To and fro in the seven chambers there stalked, in fact, a multitude of dreams.

  古い英語由来の慣用句

• 慣用句

  die away

  字義: 「離れて死ぬ」という字義通りの解釈

  意味: 次第に消えていく、弱まっていく

  But the echoes of the chime die away

  音や光が消える際の慣用表現

• 慣用句

  at length

  字義: 長さにおいて

  意味: ついに、やがて（finally）

  And the revel went whirlingly on, until at length there commenced the sounding of midnight upon the clock.

  古風な表現で現代では 'finally' や 'eventually' が一般的

• 慣用句

  out-Heroded Herod

  字義: ヘロデをヘロデ以上にした

  意味: 度を越した、やりすぎた

  In truth the masquerade license of the night was nearly unlimited; but the figure in question had out-Heroded Herod, and gone beyond the bounds of even the prince's indefinite decorum.

  シェイクスピア由来の慣用句で「極端にやりすぎる」の意

• 慣用句

  gone beyond the bounds

  字義: 境界を越えて行った

  意味: 限度を超えた、度を越した

  In truth the masquerade license of the night was nearly unlimited; but the figure in question had out-Heroded Herod, and gone beyond the bounds of even the prince's indefinite decorum.

• 慣用句

  shrouded from head to foot

  字義: 頭から足まで覆われた

  意味: 全身を覆われた

  The figure was tall and gaunt, and shrouded from head to foot in the habiliments of the grave.

• 慣用句

  gone so far as to

  字義: ~するほど遠くまで行った

  意味: ~するまでに至った、~するほどだった

  But the mummer had gone so far as to assume the type of the Red Death.

• 慣用句

  eyes fell upon

  字義: 目が~の上に落ちた

  意味: 目に入った、視界に入った

  When the eyes of Prince Prospero fell upon this spectral image (which with a slow and solemn movement, as if more fully to sustain its role, stalked to and fro among the waltzers) he was seen to be convulsed, in the first moment with a strong shudder either of terror or distaste; but, in the next, his brow reddened with rage.

• 慣用句

  near at hand

  字義: 手の近くに

  意味: すぐ近くに

  At first, as he spoke, there was a slight rushing movement of this group in the direction of the intruder, who at the moment was also near at hand, and now, with deliberate and stately step, made closer approach to the speaker.

• 慣用句

  as if with one impulse

  字義: 一つの衝動でのように

  意味: まるで一斉に、示し合わせたかのように

  And, while the vast assembly, as if with one impulse, shrank from the centres of the rooms to the walls, he made his way uninterruptedly

• 慣用句

  made his way

  字義: 彼の道を作った

  意味: 進んだ、道を進んだ

  And, while the vast assembly, as if with one impulse, shrank from the centres of the rooms to the walls, he made his way uninterruptedly

• 慣用句

  threw themselves into

  字義: 自分自身を~の中に投げた

  意味: 突入した、飛び込んだ

  Then, summoning the wild courage of despair, a throng of the revellers at once threw themselves into the black apartment

• 慣用句

  like a thief in the night

  字義: 夜の泥棒のように

  意味: 予期せず密かに（聖書由来の表現）

  He had come like a thief in the night.

  聖書由来の慣用句

• 慣用句

  take care of

  意味: look after

  The external world could take care of itself.

• 慣用句

  in the meantime

  意味: during the intervening period

  In the meantime it was folly to grieve, or to think.

• 慣用句

  to and fro

  意味: back and forth

  Now in no one of the seven apartments was there any lamp or candelabrum, amid the profusion of golden ornaments that lay scattered to and fro or depended from the roof.

• 慣用句

  to and fro

  意味: back and forth

  Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause, momentarily, in their performance, to hearken to the sound; and thus the waltzers perforce ceased their evolutions; and there was a brief disconcert of the whole gay company; and, while the chimes of the clock yet rang, it was observed that the giddiest grew pale, and the more aged and sedate passed their hands over their brows as if in confused reverie or meditation.

• 慣用句

  to and fro

  意味: back and forth

  To and fro in the seven chambers there stalked, in fact, a multitude of dreams.

• 慣用句

  to and fro

  意味: back and forth

  And now again the music swells, and the dreams live, and writhe to and fro more merrily than ever, taking hue from the many-tinted windows through which stream the rays from the tripods.

• 慣用句

  at length

  意味: after a long time; in detail

  And the revel went whirlingly on, until at length there commenced the sounding of midnight upon the clock.

• 慣用句

  at length

  意味: after a long time; in detail

  And the rumor of this new presence having spread itself whisperingly around, there arose at length from the whole company a buzz, or murmur, expressive of disapprobation and surprise—then, finally, of terror, of horror, and of disgust.

• 慣用句

  to and fro

  意味: back and forth

  When the eyes of Prince Prospero fell upon this spectral image (which with a slow and solemn movement, as if more fully to sustain its role, stalked to and fro among the waltzers) he was seen to be convulsed, in the first moment with a strong shudder either of terror or distaste; but, in the next, his brow reddened with rage.

• 比喩

  Avatar and its seal

  字義: 血液がその化身と印章である

  意味: 血が病気の象徴であり特徴である

  Blood was its Avatar and its seal—the redness and the horror of blood.

  Avatarは神の化身、sealは公式の印章という意味だが、ここでは病気の本質的特徴を表す比喩

• 比喩

  girdled it in

  字義: それに帯を巻いた

  意味: それを取り囲んだ

  A strong and lofty wall girdled it in.

  girdleは「帯で締める」が原義だが、ここでは壁が建物を囲む様子の比喩

• 比喩

  raged most furiously abroad

  字義: 疫病が怒り狂って外国にいる

  意味: 疫病が外で（屋外で/宮殿の外で）猛威を振るっている

  It was toward the close of the fifth or sixth month of his seclusion, and while the pestilence raged most furiously abroad, that the Prince Prospero entertained his thousand friends at a masked ball of the most unusual magnificence.

  「rage」は本来「激怒する」だが、ここでは疫病を擬人化している

• 比喩

  the vision embraced but little more than one

  字義: 視界が抱きしめるのはわずかに一つより多いだけ

  意味: 視界に入るのは一度にせいぜい一つの部屋だけだった

  The apartments were so irregularly disposed that the vision embraced but little more than one at a time.

  「embrace」を視界の比喩として使用

• 比喩

  shrouded in

  字義: 死装束で覆われている

  意味: （tapestryで）すっぽりと覆われている

  The seventh apartment was closely shrouded in black velvet tapestries that hung all over the ceiling and down the walls, falling in heavy folds upon a carpet of the same material and hue.

  「shroud」は本来「死者を包む布」で、死のイメージを暗示

• 比喩

  streamed upon

  字義: 川のように流れた

  意味: （光が）降り注いだ、流れ込んだ

  But in the western or black chamber the effect of the fire-light that streamed upon the dark hangings through the blood-tinted panes, was ghastly in the extreme, and produced so wild a look upon the countenances of those who entered, that there were few of the company bold enough to set foot within its precincts at all.

  光を液体の流れに喩えている

• 比喩

  the brazen lungs of the clock

  字義: 時計の真鍮製の肺

  意味: 時計の真鍮製の鐘（音を出す部分）

  Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause,

  時計を生き物に喩え、鐘を「肺」と表現

• 比喩

  evolutions

  字義: 「進化」や「発展」

  意味: ここでは「旋回運動」「ダンスの動き」を意味する

  and thus the waltzers perforce ceased their evolutions

  軍事用語や幾何学用語から転用された比喩的用法

• 比喩

  passed their hands over their brows

  字義: 「額の上を手で通過させた」という字義通りの動作

  意味: 額に手をやる（困惑や疲労、思案の仕草）

  the more aged and sedate passed their hands over their brows as if in confused reverie or meditation

  身体動作による心理状態の比喩的表現

• 比喩

  pervaded

  字義: 「浸透した」「充満した」（物理的なもの向け）

  意味: 笑い声が（抽象的に）広がった、満ちた

  a light laughter at once pervaded the assembly

  液体やガスに使う動詞を抽象概念に適用した比喩

• 比喩

  the Time that flies

  字義: 「飛ぶ時間」という字義通りの解釈

  意味: 矢のように速く過ぎ去る時間

  which embrace three thousand and six hundred seconds of the Time that flies

  ラテン語 'tempus fugit' に由来する慣用表現

• 比喩

  glowed with barbaric lustre

  字義: 「野蛮な光沢で光った」という物理的な発光

  意味: 原始的で力強い美しさに満ちていた

  His plans were bold and fiery, and his conceptions glowed with barbaric lustre.

  視覚的イメージを抽象概念に適用した比喩

• 比喩

  the madman fashions

  字義: 「狂人が流行させる」という字義通りの読み

  意味: 狂人が作り出す（想像する）ような

  There were delirious fancies such as the madman fashions.

  'fashion' を「作り出す」という動詞として使用

• 比喩

  there stalked

  字義: 「忍び寄った」という物理的動作

  意味: （夢が）威圧的に存在していた、徘徊していた

  To and fro in the seven chambers there stalked, in fact, a multitude of dreams.

  擬人化による比喩。抽象概念に動物的な動きを与えている

• 比喩

  writhed in and about

  字義: 「（苦痛で）身をよじった」という字義通りの動作

  意味: うねるように動き回った

  And these—the dreams—writhed in and about, taking hue from the rooms

  蛇のような動きの比喩的表現

• 比喩

  taking hue from

  字義: 「色を取る」という字義的解釈

  意味: 影響を受ける、性質を帯びる

  taking hue from the rooms

  色彩を通じた影響の比喩

• 比喩

  stiff-frozen

  字義: 「硬く凍った」という物理状態

  意味: 完全に静止した、身動きできない

  The dreams are stiff-frozen as they stand.

  物理的凍結を静止状態の比喩に使用

• 比喩

  floats after them

  字義: 「彼らの後を浮遊する」という物理的動き

  意味: （笑い声が）ふわりと後を追う、漂う

  a light, half-subdued laughter floats after them as they depart

  音を物体のように扱う比喩

• 比喩

  the dreams live

  字義: 「夢が生きる」という字義通りの擬人化

  意味: （仮面舞踏会の人々が）再び活気づく

  the dreams live, and writhe to and fro more merrily than ever

  抽象概念の擬人化

• 比喩

  waning away

  字義: 「衰えて離れていく」という不明瞭な字義

  意味: （夜が）更けていく、終わりに近づく

  for the night is waning away

  月の満ち欠けから転用された時間経過の比喩

• 比喩

  flows a ruddier light

  字義: 「より赤い光が流れる」という液体のような動き

  意味: より赤みを帯びた光が差し込む

  there flows a ruddier light through the blood-colored panes

  光を液体のように扱う比喩

• 比喩

  appals

  字義: 「青ざめさせる」という字義から意味が取りにくい

  意味: 恐怖を与える、ぞっとさせる

  the blackness of the sable drapery appals

  古風なスペリング（現代では 'appalls'）と抽象的用法

• 比喩

  went whirlingly on

  字義: 渦を巻きながら進んだ

  意味: 熱狂的に続いた

  And the revel went whirlingly on, until at length there commenced the sounding of midnight upon the clock.

  パーティーの熱狂を渦に喩えた表現

• 比喩

  thought crept into

  字義: 思考が這って入った

  意味: 徐々に考えが心に浮かんできた

  And thus it happened, perhaps, that more of thought crept, with more of time, into the meditations of the thoughtful among those who revelled.

  思考を生き物のように擬人化

• 比喩

  spread itself whisperingly around

  字義: 囁きながら自らを広げた

  意味: 噂がひそひそと広まった

  And the rumor of this new presence having spread itself whisperingly around, there arose at length from the whole company a buzz, or murmur, expressive of disapprobation and surprise—then, finally, of terror, of horror, and of disgust.

  噂の伝播を擬人化した表現

• 比喩

  chords in the hearts

  字義: 心の中の弦

  意味: 感情を揺さぶるもの、心の琴線

  There are chords in the hearts of the most reckless which cannot be touched without emotion.

  心を楽器に喩えた表現

• 比喩

  the utterly lost

  字義: 完全に失われた人々

  意味: 堕落しきった人々、絶望的な人々

  Even with the utterly lost, to whom life and death are equally jests, there are matters of which no jest can be made.

• 比喩

  his brow reddened with rage

  字義: 彼の額が怒りで赤くなった

  意味: 怒りで顔を紅潮させた

  When the eyes of Prince Prospero fell upon this spectral image (which with a slow and solemn movement, as if more fully to sustain its role, stalked to and fro among the waltzers) he was seen to be convulsed, in the first moment with a strong shudder either of terror or distaste; but, in the next, his brow reddened with rage.

  怒りの感情を顔色の変化で表現

• 比喩

  maddening with rage

  字義: 怒りで狂気になる

  意味: 激怒する

  It was then, however, that the Prince Prospero, maddening with rage and the shame of his own momentary cowardice, rushed hurriedly through the six chambers

  怒りを狂気に喩えた表現

• 比喩

  summoning the wild courage of despair

  字義: 絶望の野生の勇気を召喚する

  意味: 自暴自棄の勇気を奮い起こす

  Then, summoning the wild courage of despair, a throng of the revellers at once threw themselves into the black apartment

  勇気を召喚可能なものとして擬人化

• 比喩

  untenanted by any tangible form

  字義: いかなる実体的な形によっても借りられていない

  意味: 中に何も入っていない、空っぽである

  And, seizing the mummer, whose tall figure stood erect and motionless within the shadow of the ebony clock, gasped in unutterable horror at finding the grave-cerements and corpse-like mask which they handled with so violent a rudeness, untenanted by any tangible form.

  衣装を「家」に喩え、中身がいないことを表現

• 比喩

  one by one dropped

  字義: 一人ずつ落ちた

  意味: 次々と倒れた、死んでいった

  And one by one dropped the revellers in the blood-bedewed halls of their revel, and died each in the despairing posture of his fall.

• 比喩

  went out

  字義: 外に出た

  意味: 消えた、終わった

  And the life of the ebony clock went out with that of the last of the gay.

  命を火に喩えた表現

• 比喩

  held illimitable dominion over

  字義: 無限の支配を保持した

  意味: 完全に支配した

  And Darkness and Decay and the Red Death held illimitable dominion over all.

  抽象概念を擬人化し、支配者として描写

• 古風な表現

  the incidents of half an hour

  字義: 30分の出来事

  意味: わずか30分で起こる一連の事象

  And the whole seizure, progress and termination of the disease, were the incidents of half an hour.

  incidentsは「付随する出来事」という古風な用法

• 古風な表現

  summoned to his presence

  字義: 彼の存在へと召喚した

  意味: 彼のもとに呼び寄せた

  When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand hale and light-hearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court, and with these retired to the deep seclusion of one of his castellated abbeys.

  王侯が臣下を呼ぶ際の古風な表現

• 古風な表現

  leave means of ingress or egress

  字義: 入口または出口の手段を残す

  意味: 出入りの方法を残す

  They resolved to leave means neither of ingress or egress to the sudden impulses of despair or of frenzy from within.

  ingress/egressは法律・文学用語で「入ること/出ること」

• 古風な表現

  it was folly to

  字義: ～することは愚かさだった

  意味: ～するのは馬鹿げていた

  In the meantime it was folly to grieve, or to think.

  follyを用いた古風な構文

• 古風な表現

  as might have been expected from

  字義: ～から期待されたかもしれないように

  意味: ～を考えれば当然予想されることだが

  Here the case was very different; as might have been expected from the duke's love of the bizarre.

  仮定法過去完了を用いた古風な構文

• 古風な表現

  depended from

  字義: ～に依存していた

  意味: ～から吊り下がっていた

  Now in no one of the seven apartments was there any lamp or candelabrum, amid the profusion of golden ornaments that lay scattered to and fro or depended from the roof.

  古風な用法で「hang from」の意味

• 古風な表現

  thus were produced

  字義: このように生産された

  意味: こうして生み出された

  And thus were produced a multitude of gaudy and fantastic appearances.

  倒置による古風な語順

• 古風な表現

  the hour was to be stricken

  字義: 時が打たれることになっていた

  意味: 時を告げる鐘が鳴ろうとしていた

  Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause,

  古風な受動態表現

• 古風な表現

  perforce

  字義: 「力によって」という字義通りの意味

  意味: やむを得ず、必然的に

  and thus the waltzers perforce ceased their evolutions

  中世英語由来の古風な副詞。現代英語では 'of necessity' や 'inevitably' を使う

• 古風な表現

  then were the same

  字義: 倒置により意味が取りにくい

  意味: そして同じ動揺と震えと瞑想が（再び）あった

  there came yet another chiming of the clock, and then were the same disconcert and tremulousness and meditation as before

  古風な倒置構文。現代英語では 'then there were the same...'

• 古風な表現

  what has been since seen

  字義: 語順と時制が現代英語と異なる

  意味: その後見られるようになったもの

  There were much glare and glitter and piquancy and phantasm—much of what has been since seen in 'Hernani.'

  古風な完了形の用法と倒置

• 古風な表現

  anon

  字義: 現代英語にない語

  意味: まもなく、やがて

  And, anon, there strikes the ebony clock

  古英語由来。現代では詩的文脈でのみ使用

• 古風な表現

  whose foot falls upon

  字義: 「足が〜の上に落ちる」という不自然な表現

  意味: 〜を踏む者には、〜に足を踏み入れる者には

  to him whose foot falls upon the sable carpet

  古風な関係節構文と表現

• 古風な表現

  there arose at length

  字義: そこにやがて立ち上がった

  意味: やがて生じた

  And the rumor of this new presence having spread itself whisperingly around, there arose at length from the whole company a buzz, or murmur, expressive of disapprobation and surprise—then, finally, of terror, of horror, and of disgust.

  古風な倒置構文

• 古風な表現

  put forth hand

  字義: 手を前に出す

  意味: 手を伸ばす、手を下す

  But from a certain nameless awe with which the mad assumptions of the mummer had inspired the whole party, there were found none who put forth hand to seize him

  古風な表現

• 古風な表現

  bore aloft

  字義: 高く運んだ

  意味: 高く掲げた

  He bore aloft a drawn dagger, and had approached, in rapid impetuosity, to within three or four feet of the retreating figure

  古風な表現

• 連語

  retired to

  字義: 引退して～へ行った

  意味: 隠遁した、引きこもった

  When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand hale and light-hearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court, and with these retired to the deep seclusion of one of his castellated abbeys.

  retireは「引退」だけでなく「退く、隠れる」という意味

• 連語

  in accordance with

  字義: ～との一致の中で

  意味: ～に従って、～に応じて

  These windows were of stained glass whose color varied in accordance with the prevailing hue of the decorations of the chamber into which it opened.

• 連語

  emanating from

  字義: ～から発散している（やや難解）

  意味: ～から発せられる、出てくる

  There was no light of any kind emanating from lamp or candle within the suite of chambers.

  やや形式的・文学的な表現

• 連語

  made the circuit of the face

  字義: 顔の回路を作った

  意味: 文字盤を一周した

  Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause,

  時計の針の動きを表す慣用的表現

• 連語

  at each lapse of an hour

  字義: 一時間の経過の各々で

  意味: 一時間が経過するたびに

  Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause,

  「lapse」は「経過」を意味する形式的表現

• 連語

  were constrained to pause

  字義: 一時停止するよう制約された

  意味: 演奏を止めざるを得なかった

  Its pendulum swung to and fro with a dull, heavy, monotonous clang; and when the minute-hand made the circuit of the face, and the hour was to be stricken, there came from the brazen lungs of the clock a sound which was clear and loud and deep and exceedingly musical, but of so peculiar a note and emphasis that, at each lapse of an hour, the musicians of the orchestra were constrained to pause,

  「constrain」は「強いる、余儀なくさせる」

• 連語

  disconcert

  字義: 名詞として「非調和」と読めるが不自然

  意味: 動揺、困惑の状態（通常は動詞として使われる語の名詞化）

  there was a brief disconcert of the whole gay company

  Poe特有の用法。現代英語では 'disconcertment' や 'confusion' が一般的

• 連語

  the lapse of

  字義: 「過失」「誤り」という一般的な意味から推測困難

  意味: （時間の）経過

  after the lapse of sixty minutes

  'lapse of time' は慣用的コロケーション

• 連語

  the decora of mere fashion

  字義: 「単なる流行の装飾」と字義通りに取れるが文脈で意味が深い

  意味: 単に流行に従うだけの表面的な装飾規範

  He disregarded the decora of mere fashion.

  'decora' はラテン語由来の古風な複数形

• 連語

  indulge in

  字義: 「甘やかす」という一般的な意味から推測困難

  意味: ふける、楽しむ

  who indulge in the more remote gaieties of the other apartments

  'indulge in' は「〜にふける」という慣用的コロケーション

• 連語

  detecting the cheat

  字義: 詐欺を検出する

  意味: 偽物であることを見抜く

  The mask which concealed the visage was made so nearly to resemble the countenance of a stiffened corpse that the closest scrutiny must have had difficulty in detecting the cheat.

  ここでの 'cheat' は「偽装」の意

• 連語

  dabbled in blood

  字義: 血の中で手遊びした

  意味: 血で染まった、血まみれになった

  His vesture was dabbled in blood—and his broad brow, with all the features of the face, was besprinkled with the scarlet horror.

  'dabble' は通常「軽く触れる」だが、ここでは「染める」の意

• 連語

  stalked to and fro

  字義: 前後に忍び寄った

  意味: 威圧的に行ったり来たりした

  When the eyes of Prince Prospero fell upon this spectral image (which with a slow and solemn movement, as if more fully to sustain its role, stalked to and fro among the waltzers) he was seen to be convulsed, in the first moment with a strong shudder either of terror or distaste; but, in the next, his brow reddened with rage.

  'stalk' は獲物を追うように歩く意

• 連語

  whom we have to hang

  字義: 我々が吊るさなければならない人

  意味: 絞首刑に処すべき人

  "Who dares insult us with this blasphemous mockery? Seize him and unmask him—that we may know whom we have to hang at sunrise, from the battlements!"

  'hang' は絞首刑を意味する

• 連語

  fell prostrate

  字義: 平伏して倒れた

  意味: 倒れ伏した

  There was a sharp cry—and the dagger dropped gleaming upon the sable carpet, upon which, instantly afterwards, fell prostrate in death the Prince Prospero.